Today ladders in the house carry out not only the functional purpose, but also are interior design element. Having made the decision to construct it independently, it is necessary to consider the main moment: it has to be not just beautiful, and still strong and safe.
It is required to you
- - construction tools;
- - fixture;
- - construction materials.
Instruction
1. Before starting construction choose material as today in the construction market there is mass of options: tree, metal, glass, stone and everyone has pluses and minuses. For example, work with stone demands certain efforts whereas glass needs the careful address, etc. Therefore choosing from what to make ladder, consider also the abilities, skills of work with specific construction material.
2. Draw the drawing or the sketch. Keep in mind that exterior of ladder and its design will depend on expected assignment. So, for example, mansard, basement or garret ladders are operated much less often and, as a rule, they do not need large number to decorative finishing. They can be even folding. Another matter interfloor which is located in a visible place and bears the main loading connected with movements on the house. Therefore this ladder design has to be comfortable, reliable, beautiful and correspond to room interior.
3. Make all necessary calculations. Do not do step too high as they will complicate ascension, and small are dangerous and inconvenient - often walking it is possible to stumble. It is considered that their height should not be no more than 20 cm, and width – not less than 25, but no more than 30 cm.
4. Make preparations of stringers (inclined beams) and cut on them dredging under steps circular saw and simple hacksaw. Then establish them. For fixture of stringers to wall use self-tapping screws and liquid nails (that the ladder did not creak).
5. Make steps and substeps. Then connect them among themselves and to stringers. Then close open part of steps bowstring. Establish rail-posts, columns, handrail and decorative elements.
6. Mounting of spiral staircase not strongly differs from ladder design on stringers. At first lay the bearing foundation, for example metal pipe with diameter of 50 mm, and attach it to floor anchor bolts. Further put the wooden sleeve, metal washer and only then step on her. Attach rail-posts to wide part of steps, and on them paste handrail joiner's glue. Over the last step put on the sleeve and fix it by decorative nut.