The cold summer with abundant rains forces many gardeners to solve complex problem: how to save harvest of fruit and berry and vegetable cultures. Weak germination of seeds, droppings flowers and ovaries, prolonged maturing of fruits, numerous diseases of plants – all these problems demand acceptance of complex measures.
From the raised soil moisture and air and also such cultures as potatoes, tomatoes, eggplants, cucumbers, pepper, strawberry most strongly suffer from lack of sunlight. Temperatures, atypically low for June-July, lead to delay of vegetation of plants, and abundant rains promote fast spread of fungal infections and appearance of insects wreckers. It is possible to save harvest in similar conditions as holding drainage actions, and by means of some agrotechnical receptions.
What to do if has flooded the site
At location of the site in the lowland there are situations when because of pouring rains of bed with landings are flooded. Because of excessive amount of moisture the root system of seedling begins to begin to rot, and the plant perishes. To avoid such trouble, it is necessary to make quickly small branches for stagnant water and to carefully choose the place where there will be hole accepting in itself drains from drainage canals.
At the maximum congestion of water measure its level – this measure will help to orient at what depth it is necessary to do by-pass ways and ditch. If in economy there is small pump, then it is reasonable to use it for pumping out of the water running to hole.
To avoid hit in the pump of silt and ooze, it is recommended to lower it in water in old bucket in which walls small openings are punched. For the same purposes instead of bucket it is possible to use piece of plastic pipe with the drilled cuts over which the piece of kapron fabric hardly stretches.
The help to tomatoes in cold weather
These warm and heliophilous plants demand to themselves special approach at adverse weather conditions. Complex of necessary measures for successful maturing of fruits:
- it is obligatory to air greenhouses to avoid condensate congestion; to shake off bushes from water droplets – this council treats both soil, and greenhouse cultures;
- at significant fall of temperature of air each bush for the night is covered with nonwoven fabric;
- that tomatoes ripened better, it is recommended to use wooden slingshots by means of which turn fruits to the sun – especially effectively this reception works for undersized grades;
- immature, brown color tomatoes are removed from bush together with fruit stem and left on ripening in the dry solar place. Thus the plant will direct all forces to the remained fruits;
- to protect tomatoes from phytophthora, it is possible to take advice of experienced gardeners: in the basis of each bush stick the sharpened piece of the copper wire exempted from the isolating material.
Care for pepper in cold weather
The most comfortable conditions for full development and maturing of pepper – it air temperature are from +25 degrees and enough moisture. Therefore in case of adverse climatic situation the first, than it is possible to help these plants is to warm them.
To save harvest of soil pepper, it is necessary to build mini-greenhouses and to cover saplings for the night with the breathing material: spunbond, lutrasit, etc. When lowering the night time temperature up to +5 degrees which is for pepper critical nonwoven ukryvny it is the best of all to replace material with polyethylene film.
For maintenance of necessary microclimate in the greenhouse it is possible to use 5-liter plastic canisters filled with hot water and which are spread out on beds. Serving as peculiar hot-water bottle, bottles during the night will gradually give heat and to create to plants comfortable situation.
As well as in case with tomatoes, the immature pepper which has reached the maximum point of growth can be removed from bush that the plant could direct energy and nutrients to the remained fruits. For the same purposes also removal of the lower leaves will be useful: cutting is carried out, as a rule, at the beginning of July. It is important to remember that at selective cleaning of fruits it is recommended to use secateurs, but not to break pepper hands, risking to damage plant.
How to help eggplants
One of the methods, widespread among gardeners, used for faster maturing of fruits is small deformation of stalk of eggplant. By means of sharp knife at the height about 12-15 cm is higher than soil level in stalk do thin vertical cut into which insert small wooden chip about 2 cm wide, and turn it so that edges of section were slightly moved apart.
Also rescue of harvest of eggplants in cold summer is promoted by such measures as removal of part of side escapes and the lower leaves; fertilizing of plants ashes and thorough concealment for the night film or nonwoven fabric.