Existence of the well-known order of knights templars is shrouded in different secrets and legends. In 200 years of existence the award passed a way from the poverty to power what its began to be afraid monarchs of Europe for. Attribute to order of knights templars a legend of a damnation, of infinite treasures, secret exercises and of possession of one of the most sacred relics - the Holy Grail.
Creation of order of knights templars
Originally the award of poor knights created in 1118 by the impoverished nobleman Gugo de Paine and eight of his relatives knights and friends who are deeply believing set before itself the only purpose - to protect the pilgrims going to Jerusalem to the Holy Land as without maintenance attacked pilgrims Muslims plundered and killed. Later knights of an award were rewarded for the good intentions by the king of Jerusalem where they could remain and live in the palace of the king near the Jerusalem temple. The first knights were so poor that one horse was for two the person. In memory of it the award press with two riders is also devoted.
In 10 years, in 1128, the award was proclaimed officially and supported with the charter created by Catholic Saint Bernard Klervossky. The charter of Templars included a vow of poverty, chastity and poslusheniye. Gradually to an award the right of free movement was granted, lands in the form of encouragement were allocated, the brotherhood was exempted from many taxes.
In structure of an award well thought over hierarchy worked. The Great master to whom all brotherhood submitted was at the head of an award. Seneshal is the Deputy Great master. The marshal was responsible for military command and training of knights for fights. The commodore operated one of the province of an award. The hierarchy also included the submarshal, the brother knight, the brother sergeant ordering mercenaries - a turkopolyer, the squire, the chaplain and also the copyist, the smith-armorer, the tailor, the groom and the cook.
Except service to the Lord, protection of pilgrims, functions of an award gradually extended, and already included the first banking, financial and credit operations, construction and road activity and also charity.
Falling of order of knights templars
Later quantity and the power of knights-hramovnikov increased: own army, court, police, new lands and riches. Because of power of an award the monarchs of Europe began to be afraid of it, the award was founded not only as militant, but also church, as a result, Templars submitted only to the elected great master, the Pope, but the authorities of the king could not obey. The residence of an award was in many cities, including in Paris where Philip IV Krasivy decided to conceive a rascally intrigue against an award and all his representatives.
On September 14, 1307 the king Philip IV Krasivy distributed to officials of each of the provinces of France the letter sealed royal and the requirement to open it at dawn on October 13. It was the order to arrest all knights of an award at the same time. Persecutions of Templars began across the whole Europe: France, Great Britain, Germany, Spain, Cyprus, except Portugal where the king Denis I based a new award of Christ.
Conceived by the king it was succeeded to embody, and almost all representatives of an award appeared in prison for long 7 years - there was a trial in the matter of Templars so much. In prison cells under the influence of terrible tortures from knights beat out recognitions in various false charges and crimes which were necessary to Royal Court and inquisition: heresy, Satanism and sodomy. Actually, Philip IV Krasivy just wanted to liquidate this award which became to the rich because of its usury and powerful influence, to prevent possible creation by Templars of a uniform gosudrstvo and also to confiscate the lands belonging to an award.
On March 18, 1314 on the Jewish island in Paris, in the face of all its inhabitants and royal persons, the last great master Jacques de Mole and the noble knight Geoffroi de Charne were sentenced to death through burning. On a legend, in the last words the great master damned all those who were involved in conspiracy: Dad Kliment V, king Philip IV Krasivy and his adviser Guillaume de Nogare. Ironically, all three died within a year, and on sons of the king Philip IV the dynasty Kapetingov was interrupted.
Secret of Templars
According to one of versions, the freemasonry which appeared in the 16th century scoops the continuity from a tampliyersky award. In the 18th century the new currents agreed that Templars possessed secret occult exercises, and those in turn are their successors. Involvement of Templars in occult sciences is based, allegedly, on the different documented recognitions of knights under the influence of tortures in the 14th century. On one of legends, the award of knights also possessed and protected the Holy Grail. Knights of an award owned invaluable archive and artifacts which are still not found.
Whether there are Templars now? Today there is a mass of various organizations giving themselves for ""tampliyersky"": Kind Templars, East tamliyer, Catholic award of knights of Christ, Tampliyersky Church of elder brothers of Rose and Cross, Space Templars and so on. But with that original award they have no nothing in common and his direct followers do not exist.