James Cook visited all continents, except Antarctica. The detailed scientific description of new lands and also astronomical and hydrographic measurements, botanical, zoological and ethnographic researches was its purpose.
Instruction
1. Astronomical researches were the official purpose of the first round-the-world travel of Cook, in fact the team of seafarers moved off in searches of the Southern continent. In 1769 they reached coast of Tahiti then went to New Zealand. Cook found out that New Zealand consists of two islands divided by the passage. Subsequently this passage was called by his name (Cook Strait).
2. James Cook for the first time studied the nature of New Zealand, he noted that in this fertile country the Europeans could suit colony in which it is possible to grow up everything that is necessary without special work.
3. In 1770 Cook reached east coast of Australia. He studied and plotted east coast, here Cook found the big gulf, at the moment in this place the city of Sydney is located. On August 21, 1770 the team of seafarers rounded the northernmost tip of Australia — Cape York.
4. The second expedition began in 1772. For the first time the Antarctic Circle was in the history crossed. James Cook became the first European who could observe the southern polar lights. On the way to New Zealand Cook in detail studied Easter Island.
5. During the second round-the-world travel in 1974 the seafarer opened the following islands: Niue (on June 20), New Hebrides (on August 21), New Caledonia (on September 4). In February, 1775 it reached the archipelago of South Sandwich Islands. Cook proved that all oceans connect at width to the south of America and Africa to one Southern ocean, he the first in the history made according to him a cycle.
6. The researcher aimed to find the Northwest Passage from Europe to the countries of the East in the third expedition. In the winter of 1776 the island of Kerguelen, and at the end of the next year — Christmas Island was open for them. Cook visited the central part of the Pacific Ocean again, here he found several islands of the Hawaiian archipelago then reached coast of North America near modern Oregon.
7. From the coast of North America Cook proceeded to the North to the Bering Strait. Having found an ice cover, it was forced to turn back. Having reached the Hawaiian Islands in January, 1779, the ship came to anchor near the island of Hawaii. Cook was forced to be put ashore to repair the damaged ship detail. After the quarrel with natives James Cook was killed. The brave seafarer and the researcher is buried in the bay Kealakekua on the island of Hawaii.