The deprivation is the mental state caused by short-reception or deprivation necessary for normal life. It arises in life situations when the subject cannot satisfy the mental requirements long time.
The term comes from Latin deprivatio (loss, deprivation) that meant deprivation of the ecclesiastic of a profitable position in church use of the Middle Ages. In several centuries the term became widely used thanks to the psychiatrist John Boulbi. It considered that children who were deprived of maternal love in the early childhood test the expressed delay in physical, emotional and intellectual development.
In the middle of the XX century the American scientists from the university Mac-Gilla carried out test with participation of several volunteers. They were offered to stay in the special camera as long as possible. They were protected from all external irritants - examinees lay in the small closed room, their hands were implanted into separate compartments, in the eyes there were darkened points, from sounds - only a conditioner rumble. As a result, the majority was incapable to sustain such, apparently, quite comfortable conditions, longer than three days.
Deprived of habitual external stimulation, people began to feel pseudo-feelings, hallucinations. They were frightened these experiences, demanded to stop an experiment. The conclusion was so drawn on importance of external touch stimulation, the obtained data proved that the touch deprivation leads to degradation of thought processes and pathologies of the personality. Allocate the following types of a deprivation. Touch – is caused at a shortcoming or lack of information on the world around obtained from sense organs. This type of a deprivation is peculiar to babies who since the birth appear in child care facilities. Cognitive – arises at impossibility to effectively learn the world, frequent change of the cultural environment, lack of satisfactory conditions for acquisition of various skills. Emotional – can be caused at a rupture of emotional communications, for example in case of death of close. The termination of emotional interaction of the child with mother generates primary alarm which amplifies over time. In the conditions of an emotional deprivation children are incapable of constructive social contacts. The lack of parental love leaves a mark on the entire period of formation of the personality. Social – results from social isolation, for example, at stay in prison, a boarding school or nursing home. The deprivation can be obvious and hidden. The reasons obvious are obvious and are clearly observed. The hidden deprivation arises under favorable external conditions. Besides, in sociology there are concepts of a relative and absolute deprivation. The relative deprivation is a subjective painful experience of a discrepancy of expectations and opportunities. An absolute deprivation — objective impossibility for the individual to satisfy the basic requirements. Practically always the expressed delay in development of social, hygienic skills, development of fine motor skills, the speech, emergence of alarm, fears, loss of appetite, insomnia, depression and the depression leading to organism exhaustion is a consequence of a deprivation. In especially hard cases psychoses with hallucinations, nonsense, disorders of memory can develop.