Acquaintance to an independent part of speech, adjective, at school students happens in initial classes. They learn to find an adjective in the text, to distinguish it from other parts of speech. In middle and high school the pupils get acquainted with categories of adjectives and with degrees of comparison.
The most important difference of adjectives from other parts of speech is its value. The adjective designates sign (property) of a subject and answers questions: ""What?" ", " "What?" ", " "What?" ", " "What?" ", " "Whose?" ", " "Whose?" ", " "Whose?" ", " "Whose?"". This part of speech explains nouns and changes the same as it, on cases, numbers and sorts (in singular). So in the offer ""Today gloomy, windy day"" two adjectives ""gloomy"" and ""windy"". They answer the question ""What?"" and explain a noun ""day"". Besides, they are used also as a noun, in the form of the Nominative case, singular, a masculine gender. However It is necessary to distinguish an adjective from a pronoun, a numeral (serial) and participles which also answer the questions ""What?"", ""What?" ", " "What?" ", " "What?"". It can be done, if to compare values of these parts of speech. For example, ordinal numerals designate an order of objects at the account, unlike an adjective which designates sign of a subject; and the pronoun only indicates sign, but does not call it; the participle designates sign, but on action. The adjective can have the full form and short. So if the adjective answers the questions ""What?"", ""What?" ", " "What?" ", " "What?"", it is a full form. Such adjectives in the offer are most often definition, is more rare - a part of a compound personalized predicate or a subject. Adjectives in a short form answer the questions ""What?"", ""What?" ", " "What?" ", " "What?"". They do not change on cases, unlike adjectives in a full form, and in the offer are predicates. Adjectives can form comparative or excellent degrees of comparison. And in each degree of comparison is available simple and compound forms. For example, the simple form of comparative degree is formed by means of suffixes by ""it"", ""it"" (cleverer), and compound - by addition of the word ""more"" and an adjective in an initial form (cleverer). The superlative degree can be formed, having attached suffixes ""eysh"" or ""aysh"" to a basis of an initial form, (cleverest), and compound - by the use of the words ""most"" or ""all"" with an adjective (the cleverest, is the cleverest). Adjectives can be qualitative, relative or possesive. The category can be defined, having raised a question, having defined a word meaning and also having tried to form a degree of comparison. So qualitative adjectives (kind, clever, etc.) answer the question ""What?"", ""What?" ", " "What?" ", " "What?"", can have degrees of comparison, designate such sign which can be shown to a greater or lesser extent. They form a short form and are combined with the word ""very"". And here possesive adjectives (fox, mother's, etc.) answer the question ""Whose?"", ""Whose?" ", " "Whose?" ", " "Whose?"", designate accessory of a subject and cannot form a short form or degrees of comparison.