The state existed not always. It appeared when it was required to order the become complicated interrelations between members of society, having subordinated them to a single will. The state as the organization created for management of society has the characteristic features and signs. On them it is possible to distinguish this form of government from other structures which are used for regulation of the public relations.
Instruction
1. One of the main signs of the state – unity of the territory on which its laws act. Any state has accurately outlined borders which are protected by the security agencies which are specially intended for this purpose. Within the uniform territory the state in full carry out the political power extending to all citizens of the country. As a rule, the state has the certain administrative-territorial division constructed by the principle of centralization of powers.
2. Other sign of the state – community of the population. All citizens inhabiting the territory belonging to the state treat one social community. The state defines the principles of acquisition of nationality and its loss. Citizens of one country are allocated with certain rights, some duties are also assigned to them. The population of the state – a basis of its existence.
3. Each full-fledged state has sovereignty. Understand special property of the power to be independent and not to depend on political will of the other states as this term. One more criterion of sovereignty – supremacy of the state at the solution of the questions entering its competence. The public associations operating in the territory of the country similar sovereignty and independence do not possess. Their actions and decisions can be challenged by the government.
4. The public power also should be referred to distinctive signs of the state. In the modern state the power is carried out usually by three of its branches: legislative, executive and judicial. For management of society the state widely takes measures of compulsory influence which are carried out by the management personnel which is specially allocated for this purpose. Public authority – primary "section" of this device. As an example it is possible to call municipal governing bodies, police, army, state security service of the country.
5. Only the state has the exclusive right to issue bank notes, to pursue the centralized monetary management, to collect taxes on citizens and legal entities. Collecting and taxes, as a rule, go for maintenance of work of all branches of the power, for the maintenance of government and for performance of other functions necessary to society.
6. One more distinctive sign of the state – monopoly on use of coercive measures and force. The authorities can limit the rights and freedoms of citizens in the cases provided by the law. Performance of these functions is assigned in the state to law enforcement agencies, prosecutor's office and courts.