Acetylene – the most ordinary representative of a class of alkynes, has chemical formula C2H2. Colourless gas, goryuch, in mix with air is explosive. Thanks to existence of threefold communication in the molecule, it is very active from the chemical point of view, easily reacts accessions. At combustion generates a large amount of heat that the known "acetylene torch" can be used, for example, by much. How to synthesize it?
Instruction
1. At storage of acetylene it is necessary to consider its features. For example, it cannot be held in the cylinders having the bronze gate as reactswith copper gas, the bronze which is a part forming extremely explosive substance – copper acetyleneides.
2. The oldest, the method of receiving acetylene checked by time – calcium carbide reaction with water. Probably, many boys in the childhood had a good time, throwing carbide pieces into a pool, furious hissing immediately began, carbide literally "raged", disappearing in the eyes, and in air distinctly smelled of something sharp, "sharp". This reaction proceeds thus: SaS2 + 2H2O = C2H2 + Sa (IT) 2 In order that it proceeded not too violently, it is possible to use not plain water, but saturated solution of chloride of sodium, for example.
3. If this experience is planned to be shown at a chemistry lesson, it is necessary to pick up a reactionary flask of the suitable size. If it is too small, then the foam forming at carbide dissolution can be "thrown out" by acetylene pressure in a by-pass tube, and further – in a reception vessel. In a case with too big flask, it is necessary to wait long until the formed acetylene forces out all air from the device.
4. Water, and saturated solution of chloride of sodium is better, it is necessary to add to a flask with carbide pieces slowly, on drops, regulating reaction speed, not assuming that it proceeded too violently.