Dimethyl air, other names - methyl air, metoksimetan, has a chemical formula (CH3)2O, belongs to the class of "simple air", i.e. substances with structural formula R – O–R1 where R,R1 – organic hydrocarbon radicals (alkyl or aryl). Represents itself colourless gas, it is about 1.6 times heavier than air, well mixing up with water and some organic solvents. How do receive this substance in the industry and laboratories?
Instruction
1. Mainly, dimethyl alcohol is received as a passing product at methanol synthesis, with use of the catalysts containing copper, zinc and chrome. Reaction proceeds according to such scheme: 3CO + 3H2 = CH3OCH3 + CO2 Is the most modern and economically reasonable way. Synthesis is carried out at the increased temperatures (from 200 to 400 degrees) and pressure (from 4 to 40 MPas).
2. Dimethyl air is received also from the methanol, by its dehydration, also at the increased temperatures and pressure, using silica-alumina catalysts. Advantages of this method are that it gives a good product yield – about 60%. However, from purely economic point of view, it is "yesterday" as use of methanol as raw materials raises the price of a product.
3. In vitro, dimethyl air is synthesized by alcohol dehydration. The formed couples of dimethyl air via the fridge (direct, ball, serpentine) are taken away in a reception vessel.