Ethane - C2H6 - flavourless gas and colors, a class of alkanes. In the nature is in composition of oil, natural gas, other hydrocarbons therefore treats organic compounds. From ethane it is possible to receive ethyl alcohol. However, this process rather labor-consuming therefore alcohol is usually received in other way.
Instruction
1. Ethyl alcohol is received mainly as result of fermentation of sacchariferous products, by grains, fruit, berries, vegetables. For this purpose use rectifying devices, heating, distillation.
2. It is possible to receive ethyl alcohol from ethane simple reaction in the course of catalytic oxidation when heating to 2000 degrees in the presence of the catalyst.
3. Other way of receiving ethyl alcohol from ethane consists in carrying out the following reactions: 1. halogenation at a temperature of 1000 °C and in the presence of ultra-violet light: C2H6 + Cl2 = C2H5Cl2. further carry out reaction with alkali: C2H5Cl +NaOH = C2H5OH + NaCl
4. Ethyl alcohol from ethane can be received also in one more way. Carry out dehydrogenation of ethane at 400-5000 °C in the presence of catalysts of Pt platinum, nickel Ni, Al2O3: C2H6 = C2H4 + H2
5. Further in the presence of the NSOON formic acid or chloric HclO4 acid mix the received product with water and heat to temperature of 85-1000 °C, receiving ethyl alcohol: C2H4 + H2O = C2H5OH
6. Ethane goryuch, is almost insoluble in water, in mix with air is explosive, non-toxic. When heating ethane to temperature of 575-10000 °C it breaks up to acetylene and hydrogen, further heating leads to carbonization and emergence of aromatic hydrocarbons.
7. In the industry ethane is applied to production of ethylene - the colourless gas having the same chemical formula, as ethane. Last century in combination with oxygen, ethylene was applied to an anesthesia. Today ethylene is raw materials for receiving polyethylene, vinyl-acetic ester, oxide of ethylene, acetic acid and many other. Ethylene is also the phytohormone affecting health and growth of many living organisms.