The modern person daily should solve one difficult problem – to manage to run in one leg over time and not to lose themselves in this constant race. This rule concerns not only business people whose life passes in eternal meetings, meetings and business trips, but also those who keep regular life and work at home. The main objective and that and others – it is competent to plan the day so to manage to solve all important issues and to leave time for rest. To help with this question, the principles of planning of time are called.
Basic principles and methods of planning
Planning of time – process creative and at the same time serious. The plan needs to be made next day before this day begins. The in more detail you write in what affairs first of all it is necessary to be engaged, the it will be simpler to carry out them. You remember the main rule – do not begin the following business, do not finish previous yet. You should not forget also about the main stages and the principles of planning. Creating the action plan for any term, and in the course of implementation of this plan, adhere to the following five items:
- Define and formulate the purpose of your planning.
- Make the analysis of formation of a final situation which you planned.
- Look for various alternatives and ways of an exit from unforeseen situations.
- Estimate and choose the best alternative.
- Make that decision which you consider the best for completion of the planned business.
Those concepts which define the direction and the nature of development of plans belong to the principles of planning and also promote check of their performance. Tasks and the principles of planning come down to creating favorable circumstances for effective work and to reduce the probability of negative results.
Basic principles of planning:
- Unity (or systemacity). Planning has to have system character, i.e. consist of elements and levels of the tasks interconnected among themselves.
- Planning has to be cyclic, i.e. some plans have to succeed others. Thus, all stages of planning have to follow one after another, and planning has to have connection with forecasting.
- It is the principle demands that that plans were concrete and included the description of details.
- Those who will directly implement it in life sometimes have to participate in development of the plan. In the course of planning with participation of certain experts there are new ideas which often play a large role in realization of an ultimate goal.
- The principle of flexibility in planning consists in ability of the plan to change the target orientation at emergence of unforeseen circumstances. Using this universal principle of planning, at statement of new tasks, it is necessary to include reserves in the plan. Other their name – raises of safety or financial pillows (shock-absorbers). At change of conditions the reserves perform secure function.
Principles of planning of working hours
Primary activity of the person who takes an important place in human life is work. Therefore to each person it is vital to know the principles of planning of working hours. There are several such principles. Depending on a sort of your activity, it is possible to choose the most convenient principle suitable to your action plan.
- Pareto principle (ratio 80:20). The Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto claimed that in any group its small part is more important, than its weight in it to group. For example:
- 20% of clients are made for 80% of profit;
- 80% of mistakes cause 20% of losses;
- 80% of goods make 20% of a turn or for profit.
If this principle to use in management of the time, then turns out that 80% of the spent time (these are numerous minor problems) will bring as a result of 20% of result. While 20% of time spent on some of the major problems result will yield 80% of result. Use of this principle in daily work will mean that you should not spend time for easy and small affairs. It is better to consider first of all more important tasks even if they are unpleasant to you and weigh you upon the existence.
- Eisenhower's principle. In the analysis of problems of planning of working hours this American general drew a conclusion that most of people spends the time and forces for urgent and small tasks, in volume time how it is necessary to solve really important issues. According to its principle to place priorities, it is necessary proceeding from urgency and importance, and all affairs can be divided into 4 categories:
- urgent and important. It is necessary to be engaged in them first of all;
- urgent, but not important. Because of urgency of such affairs we try to solve them also as well as important, spending for them the forces. If you have such opportunity, it is better to give these affairs on execution to someone to another, or to expedite them very much and not to focus attention on them;
- not urgent, but important. Due to the lack of concrete terms such affairs are shelved. The main problem is in that here, as these affairs become urgent over time. It is better not to delay their decision to the last, and to execute long before the termination of terms;
- not urgent and not important. Such affairs are capable to form the mountain of papers on your desktop. Try not to save such affairs on half a year that then your main time did not leave on tasks which at the timely decision would take you 5 minutes.
And finally, several additional councils about competent use of the principles of planning. Begin your working day always at the same time. Create to yourself an operating mode, and gradually you will develop a habit, and many actions will become automatic. In the activity try to carry out a working minimum. You always have to know the minimum action plan per day. Set interim goals. Let's allow for working week to you it is necessary to break own record on performance of a certain activity. Thus, to you to what will always aspire and for what to praise itself.
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