The logical elements "and" and "not" carry out operations according to logical multiplication and logical denial, that is conjunction and inversion. The specified operations are implemented in digital devices by means of contact and relay and electronic schemes.
Having on hand the elements "and", "or", "not" and combining them, it is possible to make the digital device of any complexity. An electronic part of any of the COMPUTER consists of these basic logical elements and their various combinations. These elements work with binary numbers 1 and 0 that is implemented in the scheme in the form of giving of tension (1) and its absence (0) on entrances (contacts) of elements.
The logical and element realizes conjunction, that is carries out operation of logical multiplication. It is called a konjyunktor. Unit at the output of the device will be only when all entrance streams are positive. If at least on one of entrances costs zero, it is possible to tell at once that at the exit zero will turn out, without considering other contacts. Therefore in the resulting column of the table of the validity for a konjyunktor with two entrances three zero and one unit. And unit - result of logical multiplication in the presence on all entrances of unit (presence of tension on contacts).
The element the inverter turns entrance value on opposite and gives it on an exit: zero will turn into unit, unit will become zero. The isolated inverter in itself is capable to process only one entrance size. Its table of the validity is simple, and its significant part is presented by a square matrix of dimension two. In the logic diagram "and - not" multiplication, then denial is carried out at first. The correct operation of the device requires at least two entrance streams, but is possible more. Konjyunktor is designated by a rectangle with the sign "" & "" inside, the inverter – a rectangle with a white circle in an exit point. The combined device "and - not" includes both of these details. Usually exits of elements represent on the right side, and entrances - on left. The table of the validity of this logic diagram for two entrances inversely to a konjyunktor, i.e. has three resulting units and one zero. Not to spend time for passing of a step-by-step algorithm, it is possible to conclude the rule about work of the scheme at once "and - not". If at least one of entrances zero, at the exit is unit. And only at all positive contacts (presence of tension) at the output of the device zero will turn out.