Communication of people is not only mutual exchange of information. Interacting with each interlocutor, we involuntarily begin to watch his pose, gestures, a mimicry, and in other words - to study him. From to what conclusions we will come, having completed knowledge of the interlocutor, ours will depend to it the relation. Such set of external manifestations of a human manner of communication is called nonverbal behavior. In essence it is maintenance of our internal experiences and an external form of manifestation of our inner world.
Features of nonverbal behavior
The nonverbal behavior of the person can not only interest the interlocutor in different types of communication, but also push away him. It is unlikely the client will begin you to trust if your eyes run on the parties, hands to carry out small movements, and shoulders will be strongly lowered. For the interlocutor your nonverbal behavior and communication is the open book, having read which, he will create about you a certain opinion. Therefore it is important to know those functions which are born in itself by characteristic of nonverbal behavior of the person:
- is means of identification of partners;
- saves the speech message;
- creates a certain image of the partner in communication;
- is the indicator of a mental condition of the personality at the time of communication;
- specifies understanding of the message;
- creates an image of the interlocutor;
- supports the level of psychological proximity of those who communicate.
Focusing attention on the last characteristic, it is necessary to tell that the psychology of nonverbal behavior also distinguishes several levels of psychological proximity. In other words, the distance at which two persons communicate has basic value for a successful outcome of a conversation too. These are some kind of vital spaces to which not all interlocutors can be allowed. Accidentally having got closer to the partner on unacceptably close distance, you risk to become if not an irritant, then, at least, to cause discomfort and uncertainty in the interlocutor.
There are four distances at which there can be a communication:
- Makes about 400-750 cm. Approaches to address audience.
- Makes 120-400 cm. It is used for communication with strangers and strangers and also at official business talk.
- Distance equal of 45-120 cm. Usually on such distance close friends, or well familiar interlocutors are allowed.
- 0-45 cm. The distance intended only for close people. At violation of such distance the person has a feeling of discomfort. (For example, it arises in the crowded bus when foreign people closely nestle to each other).
Analysis of nonverbal behavior
To understand how the person estimates you and what reaction in his soul is caused by your words, it is necessary to carry out the analysis of actions and gestures of the partner. Interpretation of nonverbal behavior of your interlocutor will allow to understand that for the person before you and whether it is worth trusting it to words. The analysis of nonverbal behavior allows to see reaction of the interlocutor to any irritant or pain. This state will be shown in a pose of the person and also his gestures and a mimicry. On what it is necessary to pay special attention:
- gesticulation. Communicating with the person, it is worth remembering that gestures are open and closed. If your interlocutor is not eager to communicate with you and speaks insincerely, then you will see the hands closed in the lock or crossed on the breasts, gestures covering a mouth and a nose and also a characteristic pose a leg on a leg. If your interlocutor is nervous, then his hands will make great variety of small movements. Percussion by a fist or a palm on a table in a step of the speech needs to be perceived as attempt of pressure. And broad gestures and swingings say that your interlocutor obviously embellishes what he speaks about;
- bearing. If your interlocutor aristocratically straightened a back and widely straightened shoulders, then before you the self-assured personality. Such partner in communication will radiate tranquility and respect for the interlocutor. However do not confuse it with the person who has excessively direct back and a breast a wheel. Such interlocutor shows before you the superiority and is ready aggressively. If your partner stooped, lowered shoulders and stooped, then he still will surely prove as pliable, diffident person.
To impress the interlocutor favourably, it is not obligatory to control the nonverbal behavior constantly. It is enough to remember several rules: if you look to the interlocutor in the face, then but do not do it provocatively. Expression of your person has to correspond to what you speak about, do not laugh when you speak about something sad. Sitting before the person, accept a relaxed pose, do not clamp a hand and a leg. You speak with the partner accurately and loudly. In other words – be simpler, more open, more self-assured, and people will begin to respect you.