The correct cutting of saplings of apple-tree promotes forming of strong skeletal branches and beautiful krone. Besides, this method of agrotechnology of fruit-trees allows to achieve the good illumination of all parts of apple-tree and guarantees receiving excellent harvest and qualitative tasty fruits.
Ways of forming of saplings of apple-tree
The krone of apple-tree can be created in different ways. The choice depends on desire of the gardener and on arrangement of sapling of apple-tree. The created krone can be:
- razrezhennoyarusny;
- spindle-shaped;
- sredneshtambovy;
- combined, etc.
The most common form is razrezhennoyarusny. Also this method is considered the most available and simple for the beginning gardener.
Features of cutting
Do the main and first cutting in life of tree directly when landing to the constant place of 1-2-year sapling of apple-tree. The thing is that the roots of young tree damaged when carrying out manipulations are not capable to bring up all krone of apple-tree. Therefore it is necessary to take care of that the plant spent forces for building of root system.
At disembarkation of one-year unbranched sazheneets of apple-tree, cut off the top at the height of 80 cm from the earth. Same year, side escapes will be formed.
If you have bought branched sapling of apple-tree, then remove all its side branches growing up to 70 cm from soil level. Among the escapes growing above remove completely that form sharp angle with trunk. The branches located under stupid (or to straight lines) corner, truncate to thirds of kidney. In the future such branches will become skeletal and will begin to fructify earlier.
The next three years continue to carry out the forming cutting which problem to create the correct krone with thick skeletal proportional the located branches growing at an obtuse angle to vertical trunk. During this period cut off about a third of length of the most powerful escapes on trunk and on skeletal branches. Leave 3-4 such branches. The others — growing down and at an acute angle to trunk, thin, curve — completely cut off. On such escapes few fruit kidneys are formed, besides they will not sustain future harvest.
On it the forming cutting is stopped. Further carry out sanitary cutting (deleting all dry and frozen slightly branches) and periodically clarify krone, cutting off the escapes thickening it.
Terms of cutting of saplings of apple-tree
The first cutting of sapling is carried out directly when landing. It is the best of all to carry out this procedure in the fall after leaf fall.
The second forming cutting is recommended to be begun in the early spring prior to vegetation. After such procedure the young apple-trees grow more intensively throughout all summer period.
For the third year after planting of sapling to the constant place, except the spring forming cutting it is possible to carry out also summer. During the procedure recommend to truncate escapes of the current year. These manipulations help to stimulate formation of fruit kidneys.