Black leg – the fungal disease affecting seedling of vegetable and flower cultures. The root neck has black banner – from here and there was name. For prevention of this disease it is necessary to observe agrotechnology of cultivation of seedling.
What has caused disease "black leg"
Black leg the plants which are grown up in the seedling way are surprised. Seedling tomato, pepper, cabbage is most subject to disease. Among flowers asters, gillyflower, fragrant tobacco, lupine are ill more often. The disease is caused by some types of fungi which are in the soil. At defeat the small seedlings in stage of cotyledonous leaflets perish, more adult seedling can be saved having powdered with the earth above defeat point, but it will lag behind in growth, it is bad to develop.
Provokes disease:
− thickness of crops; − overwetting of the soil;
− waterings by cold water; − sharp temperature drops; − bad airing; − sour and heavy soil; − lack of light.
Also excessive fertilizing, especially nitrogenous fertilizers can weaken plant. The surplus in the soil of the medicines "Baikal ЭМ−1", "Siyaniye" causes disease. At their use it is important to observe dosage.
Prevention and treatment
When choosing seeds it is necessary to pay attention to resistance to defeat by "black leg". It is better to gather the earth for seedling in the fall that it was chilled. Take it at depth of 10−20 cm, if it not too structured, add sand, sheet or coniferous substrate. The soil taken in the spring or bought in shop is spilled boiled water. If for seedling the garden earth undertakes, add wood ashes to it, on substrate bucket 1 glass of ashes. In greenhouses and hotbeds, soil is limed, it reduces acidity. For the same purpose it is possible to add to substrate sulfur powder at the rate of 5 g/sq.m. To avoid death of plants from "black leg", greenhouses air, constantly loosen the soil, water moderately, thin out dense crops. At cultivation of seedling will protect soil from cooling the cardboard enclosed on bottom of box or on windowsill under glasses. Hardening will increase immunity of plants. The infected crops stop watering before drying of the soil, strew the surface of soil with ashes, process solution of "Permanganate of potassium" (potassium permanganate) – 3 g on 10 liters of water, the Bordeaux liquid − 1 liter on sq.m, fungicide medicines. The medicine Trikhodermin is effective in fight against "black leg", it neutralizes activity of the pathogenic mushrooms causing this disease. At sword-play of seedling apply biological product of "Fitosporin−M", before landing the roots of plants keep in suspension 1−2 of hour.