Most objectively to open a question of key signs of the personality, it is necessary to create, first of all, a clear and concrete understanding of the phenomenon of the personality.
It is required to you
- The textbook on psychology.
Instruction
1. You should not look for accurate and objective definition of the personality. Just as it is possible to talk infinitely long about an essence and purpose of the person and not to come to uniform conclusion, the dialogue which arose between philosophers of antiquity about the nature and essence of the personality continues to this day. During this old discussion the big set of possible definitions was offered, each of which marked out the signs forming the personality.
2. Do not become isolated on extra scientific ideas of the personality. Ordinary reasonings of people on what is the personality and what her main characteristics, contain much from initial value of this concept and, unfortunately, are very far from a view of modern science of these questions. Directly word comes from armor. "persona" which originally designated the masks used by actors of the Ancient Greek drama during the representation. Gradually it began to be used not only in relation to a theatrical field of activity, it entered the active use in everyday life. However the initial sense of this word nevertheless partly remained: now it was "mask", or "dirank", a certain superficial social image which accepts identity when plays certain vital roles.
3. Such understanding of the personality is out of the sphere of science and considerably narrows possible options of interpretation of this phenomenon. In such "household" representation the essence of the personality is in how the person proves in society. What he shows what others can directly observe, interacting with him - it is and will be "personality". Such treatment assumes a possibility of estimated judgment. It is often possible to hear: "Petya Ivanov is a strong personality", "Masha is an unpleasant personality", etc. Such estimates are made ordinary by criteria of socially desirable characteristics, whether it be, for example, ability to behave in society, charm or popularity.
4. Try to use scientific ideas of the personality in judgments. Content of definition of the personality from positions of various scientific theories is much more many-sided, than in the initial concept of "external social shape". Philosophy, theology, literature, sociology, psychology – here only some of the directions within which various aspects of the personality are investigated. In something similar and in something sharply opposite scientific ideas, nevertheless, explain the same object. But the area of manifestations of the personality is so rich and various that it appears almost impossible to capture and imprison her in a narrow framework of the unique definition. Nevertheless, the majority of theoretical definitions agree in opinion on some key aspects in understanding of the personality.
5. First of all, this recognition of key value of identity or individual distinctions. In the personality such qualities thanks to which each person differs from all other people are expressed. But you should not identify a concept of the personality and identity. The personality as the phenomenon, is possible only in living conditions of society. Exactly thanks to interaction with society, the person develops in himself those unique qualities which will be then a part of his identity. In addition, the personality is considered in the ratio with a life story of the person or the prospects of development. It is characterized as the subject of influence of the internal and external factors acting as interaction of genetic and biological predispositions, social experience and the changing circumstances of the environment. From such positions a personality is the subject included in the system of the sociocultural relations in which the identity inherent in it reveals.