The living organism uses fat as a power source, not without reason it is a part of cages, being an indispensable component of a kernel and a cover. How the fat which came to an organism is split and what chemical essence of these transformations? Knowledge of physiological bases will help each of us to watch fat content in an organism and to some extent to control it.
Instruction
1. Fat has complex structure. Glycerin and also fatty acids are its part, are most spread from which - palmitic, olein and stearin. Formation of any given fat also depends on their combination in connection with glycerin.
2. Compound of oleic acid with glycerin forms liquid fat (vegetable oil). Palmitic acid gives more solid fat and is a part of butter. Stearin acid is a part of the most solid fats, for example, of fat. Synthesizing by a human body of specific fat perhaps at intake of all these three fatty acids.
3. In the course of activity of an organism and, in particular, at digestion fat is split on the components – fatty acids and glycerin. There is a neutralization of fatty acids alkalis, at the same time their salts (soap) soluble in water and easily soaking up are formed.
4. Specifically splitting of fats originates in a stomach. Gastric juice is incorporated by such substance as a lipase. It splits fat on glycerin and acids. Dissolution and the subsequent absorption of acids happens only thanks to bile. Bile increases action of a lipase to 20 times. And glycerin is soluble in water and is well soaked up. It must be kept in mind that in a stomach only that fat which is shattered into small particles is split (milk fat, for example). Disintegration of fat on small particles is also promoted by bile.
5. Further splitting of fats under the influence of juice of intestinal glands happens in a duodenum. Here they are led up to such state that they are soaked up in blood and a lymph. In a small intestine its juice finally splits fat on compound products.
6. Certainly, in an organism there are some reserves of fat having power value. At the person in an organism fat averages 10-20% of weight. At some diseases breaking exchange processes, the content of fat can reach 50% of body weight. The amount of the laid, but not split fat depends on a sex, age, an occupation, the general state of health. Combustion of fat is promoted mobile, by active lifestyle.