All diversity of life and human activity is impossible without memory. The existing types and types of memory of the person are caused by the accumulated experience and features of activity of the individual. Types of memory are defined by specific features of the personality, and here types allocate on the nature of the purposes of activity and also duration of fixing and preservation of material.
What types of memory at the person happen?
On time of reservation of information allocate:
- instant memory – the simplest look. It provides storage of information only during her perception;
- short-term memory. It gives the chance to keep data approximately for 30–40 seconds from the moment of their finding. This type of memory is characterized by the maximum number of symbols, images and objects which the individual is capable to recreate for one minute from the moment of receiving. When it is filled on 10 units, there is a replacement, that is new data replace old with traceless removal of the last;
- random access in remembrance it is designed to hold data for a certain period of time. Most often in a few minutes or days after obtaining information, data from random access memory begin to be erased;
- allocate also such type of memory of the person in psychology as long-term. Here information is stored is long, but that to the person to reproduce it, it is necessary to make effort and to start thought process. People use this memory most often;
- storage of genetic memory is carried out in genes and descended.
Memory of the person, its feature and types according to the activity purposes
It is about involuntary and any memory. If the person remembers something or remembers, without pursuing for this purpose the special aim, then involuntary memory works. If the individual sets the purpose to remember some material, then speak about any memory. In this case storing and reproduction is possible thanks to special, mnemichesky actions. This two views provide consecutive development of all memory in general. It is difficult to overestimate a role of involuntary memory in human life, it provides formation of the main part of life experience.
However, quite often the person resorts to need to operate the memory. Any memory gives him the chance something purposely to remember, learn then to use when it is necessary.
What else types of memory exist at the person?
Speaking about types, it should be noted memory types which are defined by specific features of mentality of the person. Distinguish visual, acoustical, olfactory, tactile, emotional and other types. All of them function in organic unity and separately do not meet. There are people at whom some certain memory is strongly developed – at artists visual, and at musicians acoustical, but at the majority they function together.
And in psychology the types of memory of the person besides that they are individual, in each special case can be any or involuntary, short-term, or long-term, etc. Motive, figurative, acoustical and other types cannot separately exist also because first of all identical characteristics of objects and phenomena of the world around, so and a form of their reflection are among themselves connected. A difficult continuity can be tracked between involuntary and any memory, and short-term and long-term memory are two stages of one process. Everything begins with short-term memory, passing which information goes to long-term memory.
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