Metal hydrogen (hydrogene) is a material which has unique properties. At the room temperature it is superconductor. Use of such material in computer facilities allows to progress in development of computer technologies considerably. However it possesses also a serious shortcoming – the high price of production.
Physical properties
Metal hydrogen consists of strongly compressed hydrogene kernels. In the nature such substance meets in gas giants and stars. Hydrogen is on the first position of group of alkaline metals in the Periodic table of Mendeleyev. In this regard scientists assumed that it can have pronounced metal properties. However it is theoretically possible only with extreme pressure. Atomic kernels of metal hydrogen are so closely to each other that they are divided only by dense electronic liquid proceeding between them. It is much less than density a neytroniya – theoretically existing substance with an infinite density. In metal hydrogen the electrons merge with protons to form new type of particles - neutrons. As well as all metals, material it is capable to install electrical equipment. When giving current measure extent of metal coating of such substance.
History of receiving
This material was for the first time synthesized in vitro quite recently - in 1996. It happened in Livermore National Laboratory. Lifetime of metal hydrogen was very short – about one microsecond. Temperature about one thousand degrees and pressure over one million atmospheres were required to achieve such effect. It became a bolt from the blue for experimenters as earlier was considered that receiving metal hydrogen requires very low temperature. In the previous experiments solid hydrogen was exposed to pressure up to 2500000 atmospheres. At the same time noticeable metal coating was absent. The experiment on compression of hot hydrogen was made only to measure various properties of material under these conditions, but not for the purpose of receiving metal hydrogen. Nevertheless, it was crowned with full success. Though the metal hydrogen produced in National laboratory of Lawrence Livermor also was in strong aggregate state, there was a theory that this substance can be received and in the liquid state. By means of calculations it was established that such material can be superconductor at the room temperature though this property is still inapplicable for practical purposes as expenses on creation of pressure in one million atmospheres are much higher, than amount of the received material in a money equivalent. However there is a small probability that metastable metal hydrogen can exist in the nature. Under assumptions of experts it keeps the parameters even in the absence of pressure. It is considered that metal hydrogen exists in kernels of large gas giants in our solar system. Jupiter and Saturn and also a hydrogen cover near a kernel of the Sun treat them