Chocolate is the confectionery which is incredibly popular in many countries of the world. The basis of this product is formed, as we know, by oil of seeds of a chocolate tree of cocoa.
History of creation of chocolate
The homeland of chocolate, as well as the tree of cocoa, South and Central America is considered. Throughout many centuries Indians of the Maya and their followers Aztecs were engaged in mixing of the ground and fried cacao beans with water. This mix then was fried and added bitter pepper there. As a result spicy and bitterish foamy drink which was very fat could turn out. It was eaten, previously having cooled.
The most widespread version is considered that the word "chocolate" takes the roots from the word of Aztecs "чоколатль". It is literally translated as "bitter water". However, this initial word never occurs in texts of the colonial period. And its existence is a hypothesis of linguists.
Distribution of drink in Europe
In Europe this drink received the distribution only in the middle of the sixteenth century. It is considered that the conquistador Hernan Cortés became his opener. At the beginning of the seventeenth century from a bitter and cold beverage chocolate in Europe turned already into sweet and hot. And, in spite of the fact that this drink was very popular, the high cost of the raw materials limited its use to a wide range of people who because of insolvency couldn't afford it.
The modern period in the history of chocolate
Dutch Conrad van Guten opened the modern period in the history of development of chocolate. In the middle of the nineteenth century he patented the inexpensive way of squeezing of cocoa butter invented by it from its grated look. This opening made possible creation of the firm chocolate which forced out gradually liquid chocolate from a food allowance of Europeans. Now researchers agree in opinion that the first chocolate bar was made on the English confectionery in 1847. Danielle Petter after a set of the made and unsuccessfully ended experiments at the end of the nineteenth century after all the first-ever milk chocolate could receive, having added simple powdered milk to number of its components. Production of such product was arranged soon by his partner Henry Nestlé. And in four years other Swiss by the name of Rodolphe Lindt became a pioneer in conching of chocolate pastes. It allowed Swiss producers to become the first in the chocolate industry.
Creation of chocolate products
At the end of the seventeenth century Hans Sloan invented a chocolate milk. It was created at that time by means of mixing of a chocolate syrup with goat, cow and other types of milk. By means of such method, chocolate paste is created now.