The irrationalism (from Latin "irrationalis" - unconscious, unreasonable) is a philosophical current which does by the main characteristic of the world and outlook limitation of human mind in comprehension of the events (primacy beginning). This current is contrast of classical philosophy which puts reason and rationality on the first place.
Essence of irrationalism is the assumption and the statement of the idea of existence of such areas of understanding of the world which are inaccessible to human mind and which can be realized and understood only through belief, an intuition, an instinct, feeling, an instinct and so forth. The irrationalism characterizes the outlooks proving insolvency thinkingof person in knowledge of regularities and interrelations of reality. The irrationalism is an element of various philosophical systems and schools, but not the independent direction of philosophy. It is peculiar to philosophers who consider inaccessible for reason certain spheres (God, religious problems, immortality etc.). Outlooks in which the above-stated features are inherent are considered as Irratsionalisticheskimi. At the same time the intuition succeeds thinking in general. Supporters of this direction in philosophy were Nietzsche, Schopenhauer, Jacobi and others. They considered that the reality and its certain spheres – history, mental processes and so forth cannot submit to laws and regularities, and main in knowledge considered an intuition, contemplation, experience, considered impossible knowledge of reality scientific methods. Such experiences were attributed to the elite - "geniuses of art", "superpeople", etc.) and were considered as inaccessible for ordinary people. The irrationalism in philosophy proclaims inaccessible to the objective analysis of area, having truly creative beginning (such as soul, will, life) and opposes them to the dead nature (or to abstract spirit). Was considered to learn irrational, it is necessary to think dislogichno (irrationally). Influence of supporters of irrationalism was shown in life philosophy, existentialism and rationalism. And the critical rationalism of K. Popper which was positioned by the author as rational philosophy was characterized by other philosophers as irrationalism. The modern philosophy is obliged to much to irrationalism. The neothomism, pragmatism, existentialism, personalism have strongly expressed irrationalism outlines. It is always found in those judgments where existence of the areas inaccessible to rational scientific thinking is approved. Often irratsionalistichesky moods appear when society is in a condition of a social, spiritual or political crisis. Such moods are not only reaction to crisis, but also attempt to overcome it.