Torque represents extent of rotary impact of force on any solid body. This size in direct ratio depends at most, rotating a body, and her shoulder. Force shoulder equally in radius vector, carried out from an axis around which the body to a point of application of force rotates.
It is required to you
- - ruler;
- - angle meter, protractor;
- - dynamometer;
- - tachometer.
Instruction
1. Define a point or an axis of rotation of a solid body. Find a point to which force of F and its direction is applied. Draw a straight line between an axis of rotation and a point of application of force, and measure its length by l. It will be force shoulder. By means of the angle meter or a protractor measure an acute angle α between a vector of force and a shoulder.
2. Measure value of force by a dynamometer in newtons. Torque is equal to the work of force on a shoulder and a sine of an acute angle of M=F between them • l· sin(α). To increase torque in n of times, increase force influencing a body in as much time. If there is no such opportunity, increase shoulder length. If there is such opportunity, increase an acute angle between a shoulder and a vector of force. Consider that the maximum moment will be at value of a corner α=90º.
3. Increase engine torque, changing its power. Find this size in technical documentation on the engine or measure it in kilowatts. By means of the tachometer find the frequency of rotation of a shaft of the engine in revolutions per minute. Torque of the engine will be equal to the work of power on number 9550 divided into frequency.
4. Increase torque, having increased its power. How much it will be possible to increase power, in so many time also torque will increase. If it is impossible to increase power, reduce the frequency of rotation of a shaft of the engine by means of the transmission.
5. Increase electric motor torque. It is directly proportional to magnetic induction of external magnetic field in which the winding of the engine and force of current which on it proceeds rotates. Increase engine torque, having increased current in its windings. Do not exceed value of rated current, otherwise the winding of the engine will fuse. If the rated value of current is reached, take more powerful permanent magnet or increase magnetic induction of an electromagnet which creates external magnetic field, by increase in current in its winding. It will give the chance to increase its torque.