The composition is the certain arrangement of elements of the work of art subordinated to an author's plan in disclosure of ideological contents. Refer to composition methods also the choice of means of disclosure, the organization of images, their communications and the relations. The composition of the literary text never is accidental, it expresses the art meaning of the work. One of the most widespread composition methods is repetition on the basis of which the ring composition is created.
It is conditionally possible to allocate two types of composition: simple and difficult. In the first case the role of composition comes down to association of substantial elements of the work in a whole without allocation of especially important, key scenes, subject details, artistic images. In the field of a plot – it is the direct chronological sequence of events, one narrative speech type and use of the traditional composite scheme: exposition, tie, action development, culmination, outcome. However this type practically does not meet, and is only composite "formula" which authors fill with the rich contents, passing to a complex composition. The ring composition belongs to difficult type. The purpose of composition of a such type is to embody special art sense, using an unusual order and a combination of elements, parts of the work, basic details, symbols, images, means of expressiveness. In this case the concept of composition approaches a concept of structure, it becomes a style dominant of the work and defines its art identity. The principle of a frame, repetition at the end of the work of any elements of its beginning is the cornerstone of ring composition. Depending on a type of repetition at the end of the line, the stanza, works in general define a sound, lexical, syntactic, semantic ring.· the sound ring is characterized by repetition of separate sounds at the end of the poetic line or the stanza and is a kind of methods of tone painting. "Do not sing, the beauty, at me …" (A.S. Pushkin) • The lexical ring is repetition words at the end of the poetic line or the stanza. "I will present a shawl from Khurasan / And Shiraz I will present a carpet". (S.A. Yesenin) • The syntactic ring represents repetition of a phrase or the whole offer at the end of the poetic stanza. "Shagane you washing, Shagane! / Because I from the North, perhaps, / I am ready to tell you the field, / About a wavy rye under the moon. / Shagane you washing, Shagane". (S.A. Yesenin) • The semantic ring occurs most often in works poetic and prosaic, promoting allocation of a key artistic image, scene, "closing" the main idea of the author and strengthening an impression of isolation of a vital circle. For example, in the story by I.A. Bunin "Mister from San Francisco" in the final is described well-known Atlantis again? the steamship returning to America a body of the hero who died of heart attack which once on it went to a cruise. The ring composition not only gives to the story completeness and harmony in harmony of parts, but also as if expands borders of the picture created in the work according to an author's plan. It is not necessary to confuse ring composition with mirror which is also based on repetition reception. But in it the main thing is not the principle of a frame, but the principle of "reflection", i.e. the beginning and the end of the work repeat in the opposed look. For example, elements of mirror composition occur in the play by M. Gorky "At the bottom" (the parable Onions about the just earth and a scene of suicide of the Actor).