Whether you know that cells of a brain more than half consist of fat? The person can't exist without oil – it contains fats an omega-6 and an omega-3, tokoferol (oil-soluble vitamins) and also vitamin F. However, all these outstanding qualities are inherent in unrefined oils. Refined are intended for heat treatment of products, and the structure them is poorer. It is necessary in order that when heating oil didn't change the structure.
Instruction
1. We will consider production phases of a purified oil on the example of sunflower oil. Its production begins with raw materials processing. Seeds of sunflower clean, I dry, delete from them a cover then crush. The received product is called a myatka or alburnum.
2. There are two ways of receiving oil from a myatka – extraction and an extraction. The first way is less eco-friendly, but oil at the exit turns out more. The extraction is optimum. OtzhimSushchestvuet two ways of an extraction – cold and hot. By cold extraction receive oil, vitamin-rich, antioxidants. The downside of a way is that all agrochemistry which remained in seeds can get to oil. Hot break. Before an extraction the myatka heats up in braziers to temperature more than 100 degrees (100-110) of Celsius, being at the same time humidified and mixing up. Further the fried thoroughly raw materials are wrung out in presses. After a hot break, oil has a smell of fried sunflower seeds. The wrung-out oil is called "crude" as after a ready-made product it has to be filtered and отстоян. EkstragirovaniePri a butter manufacture by method of extraction is used by organic solvents (extraction gasolines). Extraction is made in special extractors. After receiving oil, it is defended, filtered and sent for further processing.
3. РафинацияПроцесс refining – multistage. The first stage - removal of mechanical impurities from a product. Filtration, centrifugation, upholding are for this purpose used. The second stage – hydration. Process consists in processing of oil hot (70 degrees) water. After hydration, oil becomes transparent. At the third stage receive purified not deodorized oil. For this purpose remove free fatty acids from oil. The fourth step – bleaching. After it oil gets a light-straw color as during bleaching it gets rid of pigments (including antioxidants-kartinoidov). Deodorization (next stage) removes from oil practically all volatile compounds. As a result of deodorization, oil gets rid of a smell. The last stage – a vymorazhivaniye. In the course of a vymorazhivaniye from oil are removed vegetable wax owing to what oil becomes absolutely transparent, almost colourless, not having own taste and a smell.